Gynecological cancer refers to cancers that originate in a woman’s reproductive organs, including the cervix, ovaries, uterus, vagina, and vulva. These cancers can vary in type, symptoms, and severity. The most common types are cervical, ovarian, and uterine (endometrial) cancers. Risk factors include HPV infection, age, family history, obesity, and hormonal imbalances. Early detection through regular screenings like Pap smears and pelvic exams is crucial for effective treatment and improved survival outcomes.